Murmurhash, invented by Austin Appleby in 2008, is an exceptionally simple, non-cryptographic hash function that can be easily applied in common hash-based lookup scenarios. Murmurhash is notably straightforward, completing all computations in fewer than 52 instructions on X86 architecture machines, resulting in excellent performance. Furthermore, Murmurhash exhibits outstanding avalanche effects and very low collision risks. The term “avalanche effects” refers to the fact that even slight changes in input data produce entirely different hash values, contributing to the excellent distribution of hash values calculated via Murmurhash. The current version of Murmurhash is Murmurhash3, capable of generating a 32-bit or 128-bit hash value. If the result is a 128-bit value, the computation results differ between X86 and X64 architectures. This discussion uses Murmurhash2 as an example.

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